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Oakland Zero Emission Vehicle Action Plan

The ZEV Action Plan provides a detailed roadmap for transitioning all vehicular trips in Oakland to zero-emission modes by 2045.

The transition to zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs) benefits the health, welfare, and resiliency of Oakland and its residents by reducing air pollution, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and fossil fuel dependence.  

The plan includes 34 actions to increase access to ZEVs and electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE), and address barriers to ZEV access for all Oakland residents and visitors. This Plan, developed by the Oakland Department of Transportation and the Oakland Sustainability Program, is the culmination of nearly two years of development, research, and public engagement in Oakland’s priority neighborhoods. The transportation sector is responsible for nearly two-thirds of Oakland’s local GHG emissions, making it a primary focus for climate action. The Plan builds on Oakland’s 2030 Equitable Climate Action Plan (ECAP), and complements the 2017 Pedestrian Plan, 2019 Bike Plan, and Transit First Policy.

This is a preliminary draft document that has not been adopted by the City of Oakland or any department within the City. This draft has not gone through graphic design or formatting. The final draft will include photos and graphics. In addition, the Appendix is still under development. If you have photos of zero emission vehicles that you would like to have included in the Plan, please email them to: ZEV@Oaklandca.gov

Timeline
April 13th, 2022 - Comment period opens.

May 20th, 2022 - The comment period ends. Comments will be reviewed and incorporated into the final draft.  (Previously extended from 5/13/22)

July 19th, 2022 - Anticipated date at which the final Plan will be presented to the City Council
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in reply to Anthony Fournier's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 10 2022 at 3:57PM on page 69

Answer
The 2% is the total funding that Oakland has received from CEC; This is more of a reflection of what types of money Oakland has applied for and won
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in reply to Monica Meagher's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 10 2022 at 10:54AM on page 47

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Yes, this section will have KPIs as well in the final
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in reply to Anthony Fournier's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 10 2022 at 10:52AM on page 71

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This is still something staff is determining - we hope to learn more about what we can do with the upcoming Lion Creek Crossings EV project.
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in reply to Anthony Fournier's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 10 2022 at 10:39AM on page 38

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Yes, streamlining and coordination between different departments has been identified as a major need in order to push future ev projects in the public right-of-way forward. Action PC-3 ( Develop and Implement a Program to Deploy EV Charging Infrastructure in Frontline Communities) will require interdepartmental coordination, and we are currently drafting an additional action for City Leadership: "Establish an Intra-Departmental Working Group to Review, Assess, and Streamline Strategic Sustainable Mobility Projects "
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in reply to Anthony Fournier's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 10 2022 at 10:34AM on page 22

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Thank you, we will consider adding this metric to the list
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in reply to Anh Bui's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 3:16PM on page 102

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Thank you for your comment!
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in reply to Anh Bui's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 3:14PM on page 106

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Through implementation of the ZEV Action Plan, staff will be developing a policy for specifically siting this kind of infrastructure in priority neighborhoods where housing affordability and costs are top concerns. The Lion Creek Crossings example (see p. 42) could serve as an example, where the City plans to partner with charger owners to provide amenities such as low costs lease to residents. Including additional amenities at charging stations for residents will be vital for successful EV charging projects in underserved communities.
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in reply to Anh Bui's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 3:11PM on page 34

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Thank you for your comment
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in reply to Anh Bui's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 3:06PM on page 29

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Please see Chapter 7 - The ZEV Economy; There are multiple actions related to this through collaboration with the Economic and Workforce Development Department.
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in reply to Anh Bui's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 3:04PM on page 24

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Right now, we do not have an in-depth accounting of what City-owned property could be leveraged for possible EV charging infrastructure. Staff will already be prioritizing locations in priority neighborhoods currently lacking infrastructure, but any further public outreach on a particular city owned locations would not begin until funding is secured and the staff is ready to implement on a project. Staff will also be developing outreach policies for siting EV infrastructure in priority communities (see Action PC-3, Develop and Implement A Program to Deploy EV Charging Infrastructure in Frontline Communities, and the recent example of the Lion Creek Crossings project (p. 42)
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in reply to Anh Bui's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 3:00PM on page 20

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Yes, this is a lending library, where bikes can be checked out for longer periods, as opposed to the current bikesharing system which is for short, one-way trips. See Action MM-1 on page 58
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in reply to Anh Bui's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 2:57PM on page 17

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These are total number of chargers, projected from historic EV charger permit applications in Oakland. As estimated under a BAU scenario, Oakland will not be installing EV chargers at a sufficient rate to meet its share of state goals by 2030, resulting in the large gap between BAU and 100% ZEV trajectories.
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 2:56PM on page 121

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Correct. In their modelling of EV charger needs assessment, the CEC estimates that a charger:EV ratio of 1:4 will be necessary to meet consumer travel patterns
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 2:55PM on page 121

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Thank you for highlighting this data update. The CEC data appears updated to 2022 Q1 and the 2021 numbers can be added to this analysis. However, the results of the analysis, namely the gap in both electric vehicles and chargers for Oakland to reach state goals in 2030 and 2045 will remain similar.
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 2:51PM on page 28

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"Alternative Fuel" also includes Renewable Diesel, which is not necessarily considered "efficient." Also note that the first statistic refers to all non-emergency vehicles; the 2nd is all fleet.
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 2:46PM on page 123

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Thank you for sharing your analysis on EVs and its contributions to GHG reduction targets. The City of Oakland, through its 2030 Equitable Climate Action Plan, recognizes that achieving these ambitious climate mitigation goals will not only come from the transportation sector but also in buildings, food systems, the circular economy, and others. In addition to the Zero Emission Vehicle Action Plan, City staff are also working on other plans, including a Building Electrification Roadmap, to meet our climate goals.
0 replies
in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 2:40PM on page 123

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This sentence was mistyped. EV sales projection were modelled as an exponential function.
0 replies
in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 2:40PM on page 123

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These numbers have been corrected to reflect 8 million EVs by 2030, 27.9 million EVs by 2045
0 replies
in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 12:07PM on page 119

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Thanks for this comment, a note will be added to this effect in the final
0 replies
in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 11:53AM on page 69

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Thank you for your comment. This section will be revised to include a distinction between general obligation and revenue bonds
0 replies
in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 11:46AM on page 61

This date should be 2045. The City's Carbon Neutrality Resolution (July 2045, adopted concurrently with the ECAP) implies a ZE transportation system.
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 11:42AM on page 55

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That would need to be part of the assessment.
0 replies
in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 11:18AM on page 53

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This is only stating what has been done to date given available funds.
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin Jun 9 2022 at 11:07AM on page 34

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There is a large range, because the age and condition of buildings vary so widely. We know what it costs to trench through a given length of pavement, or bore through a given thickness of wall, but frequently there is outdated electrical infrastructure that must be addressed; electric service must sometimes be added; in rare cases, transformers may need to be upgraded; etc. Average costs will therefore vary by age and type of building, parking configuration, and much more. Part of this Action will be to develop those estimated cost ranges for different scenarios in Oakland. Ecology Action and some others have conducted some analysis in this direction that you may want to review. You can find a copy of the Ecology Action report here: link;DocumentContentId=68936
0 replies

Monica Meagher May 16 2022 at 10:01AM on page 47

Question
Will there be KPIs for this chapter as well, to keep it consistent with others?
1 reply

Anthony Fournier May 13 2022 at 2:48PM on page 71

Question
How will you ensure that fast charging that is intended to serve MUD residents be provided at fair rates, especially in areas where there are large numbers of low-income residents?
1 reply

Anthony Fournier May 13 2022 at 2:45PM on page 69

Question
Why is light-duty infrastructure funded at such a small % of the total funding available?
1 reply

Anthony Fournier May 13 2022 at 12:58PM on page 38

Question
Will the City streamline and assist with coordination of departments for projects interested in installing curbside charging?
1 reply

Anthony Fournier May 13 2022 at 12:47PM on page 22

Suggestion
Another metric could be reliability/ availability of installed charger. Consumers need to be confident in the availability and performance of the charging network to make the switch to EVs.
1 reply

Michael May 9 2022 at 1:52PM on page 49

I think we meant to say "destination"
0 replies

Anh Bui May 8 2022 at 5:56PM on page 102

Love this!
1 reply

Anh Bui May 8 2022 at 5:43PM on page 106

Suggestion
Ah this is a hard one. Does the city plan on coordinating with other housing and development plan/update rules on affordable housing and prices? I am not too familiar with if we can do that but having some answers on this for the people during next outreach events would be good
1 reply
in reply to Anh Bui's comment

Anh Bui May 8 2022 at 5:31PM on page 34

I saw more info below. Hope the cities can publish more on what you found on the residents/landlord need assessment later
1 reply

Anh Bui May 8 2022 at 5:29PM on page 34

Question
Do we find a solution to help mom-and-pop landlord upgrade their infrastructure? No cities I found really have a plan for this. Couldn't find in the Appendix if you have talked about this
1 reply

Anh Bui May 8 2022 at 5:20PM on page 29

Question
Does the city have a plan to incentivize EV-related jobs through education and workforce development?
1 reply

Anh Bui May 8 2022 at 5:17PM on page 24

Question
What is your measure of success for the audit? Is this also to inform the residents on what lot you are prioritized for EV charging? If so, this might require other public workshops for comments and questions?
1 reply

Anh Bui May 8 2022 at 5:10PM on page 20

Question
Would this be different from Lyft bike?
1 reply

Anh Bui May 8 2022 at 5:07PM on page 17

Question
Is this just public charger projections? Your CEC number above shows Oakland need 11,000 public chargers by 2030. I don't think the number in graph is even close (<4000) by 2030
1 reply
in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin May 5 2022 at 1:45PM on page 44

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Thank you; correct term is "Oakland Public Works" (OPW)
0 replies
in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin May 5 2022 at 1:43PM on page 40

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PG&E is the public utility for the City of Oakland, and the feasibility and future of streetlight charging is dependent on their determination. Specifically, staff has been given two reasons; First there streetlight rate tariffs are not available for EVSE, and PG&E has determined that submetering is not an option, and second, streetlight capacity is not enough to handle most EVSE loads, even with level 2 charging. Staff will continue to monitor possible solutions to see if streetlight charging becomes more feasible at a later date, but this is fully dependent on PG&E's determination.
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin May 5 2022 at 1:35PM on page 39

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Discussed in the MHD section of the plan, Page 18
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin May 5 2022 at 1:34PM on page 39

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Events and activities (e.g. outside dining, community events)
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin May 5 2022 at 1:29PM on page 38

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This sentence can be clarified; with the City's experience implanting DC Fast chargers, the most feasible use case has been at diagonal or perpendicular parking. Parallel parking charging for Level 1 or 2 chargers is feasible, and the City will assess use cases where it can be supported. The most likely use case for parallel parking curbside charging will be in residential areas; see Action PC-2 - Create a Residential Curbside EV Charing Strategy and Ordinance
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin May 5 2022 at 1:24PM on page 37

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Comment noted, thank you.
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin May 5 2022 at 1:23PM on page 36

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Noted - thank you.
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in reply to Scott Amundson's comment

SiteAdmin May 5 2022 at 1:16PM on page 6

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This Plan is based on the principles of sustainable mobility as outlined in this document: Namely, the first priority is moving away from single-occupancy vehicles via active and public transit (including improve land-use decisions); secondarily, promoting shared mobility; and finally, electrifying (or otherwise moving to ZEVs) all remaining vehicles, including MHD. So you're absolutely correct about the emphasis on shared mobility. Home charging is an option for many but not all: Think renters, those in older buildings where electrical upgrades may be cost prohibitive, and/or apartment dwellers. Public and workplace charging within the city will therefore continue to be an important solution for a significant portion of Oaklanders.
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin May 5 2022 at 1:11PM on page 26

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Comment noted, ACTC to be added for Final Version
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin May 5 2022 at 11:51AM on page 28

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City fleet vehicles are replaced as funding allows.
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin May 5 2022 at 11:41AM on page 16

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Thank you for your comment, this will be re-worded
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in reply to Jack Fleck's comment

SiteAdmin May 5 2022 at 11:37AM on page 15

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We are updating this table and revising our analysis here, but we should note that the City cannot "see" most L-1 chargers, residential or otherwise. Our data is based on permits pulled with the City (largely L-2), along with data from AFDC and Plug-Share. We are also working on getting aggregate data from PG&E about total #s of Oakland accounts on the EV rates, but this also offers only an approximation.
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